Sitozolik Antiviral İmmünitenin Moleküler Organizasyonu: TRIM21, cGAS-STING, RIG-I/MAVS ve ZBP1 Yolakları
14. Uluslararası Acharaka Tıp, Hemşirelik, Ebelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Kongresi, Baku, Azerbaycan, 16 - 18 Temmuz 2026, ss.1-13, (Tam Metin Bildiri)
- Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Tam Metin Bildiri
- Basıldığı Şehir: Baku
- Basıldığı Ülke: Azerbaycan
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1-13
- Yozgat Bozok Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
This review aims to systematically
evaluate, within the framework of current evidence, the molecular interactions
(crosstalk) between the TRIM21 (Tripartite Motif-Containing Protein
21)-mediated antibody-dependent intracellular neutralisation mechanism and the
nucleic acid sensing pathways of the cGAS-STING, RIG-I/MAVS and ZBP1 axes
operating in the cytosolic compartment during viral infection. The review
examines: (i) TRIM21 binding to the IgG Fc region with high affinity (Kd ≈ 0.6
nM) and the subsequent Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS)-dependent proteasomal
degradation cascade; (ii) the STING-TBK1-IRF3 signalling cascade initiated by
cGAS-synthesised 2'3'-cGAMP through STING activation; (iii) RIG-I recognition
of 5'-triphosphate viral RNA and activation of NF-κB and IRF3 via MAVS; and
(iv) ZBP1 sensing of Z-conformation nucleic acids and simultaneous induction of
pyroptosis, necroptosis and apoptosis via the PANoptosome complex. Cytopathic
and non-cytopathic biotypes of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) are discussed
as a model system in which these pathways are disrupted. TRIM21-mediated
proteasomal degradation promotes the release of viral nucleic acids into the
cytosol, amplifying Typ I Interferon and interferon-stimulated gene (ISG)
expression through the cGAS-STING and RIG-I/MAVS pathways. When the viral load
exceeds the ZBP1 activation threshold, PANoptosome assembly and programmed cell
death are induced. Elucidation of these molecular balances provides a
mechanistic basis for next-generation antiviral strategies including TRIM-Away
technology and Fc-functional nanoparticle platforms.