Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
7th Eurasia Biochemical Approaches & Technologies Congress (EBAT), Antalya, Türkiye, 6 - 09 Kasım 2025, ss.136, (Yayınlanmadı)
Electrically conductive and flexible coating materials are of great importance, particularly in
electrochemical applications such as biosensor design, heavy metal ion detection, and the sensing of
biomacromolecules. In the development of such materials, the use of sustainable biopolymers and
environmentally friendly approaches has received significant attention.1 Keratin, a natural protein
derived from waste wool, stands out due to its biocompatibility, functional groups, and environmental
sustainability.2 Polyaniline (PAn), on the other hand, is one of the most widely studied conducting
polymers owing to its tunable oxidation states, high electrical conductivity, and facile synthesis.
Furthermore, gel-like network structures such as PEGDMA provide compatibility with organic–
inorganic hybrid systems, offering both flexibility and functional coating capabilities. Previous studies
have reported that the polymerization conditions of aniline (Ani/APS molar ratio, reagent volumes,
and reaction time) have critical effects on PAn yield, surface morphology, and conductivity. In this
context, the development of environmentally friendly, flexible, and conductive composite materials
represents a significant research field for biosensor electrode design. In this study, electrically
conductive and flexible electrode materials were prepared by in situ surface polymerization of aniline
on commercial polyester films. During synthesis, keratin particles (KerSH) derived from sustainable
wool waste were immobilized onto the polyester surface through a PEGDMA gel-like paste. This was
achieved via a thiol-ene “click” reaction between PEGDMA and thioglycolic acid (TGA), resulting in the
encapsulation of KerSH particles within the PEGDMA network. Subsequently, aniline monomers were
polymerized in the presence of ammonium persulfate (APS) oxidant on the gel coating, leading to the
formation of a conductive polyaniline (PAn) layer. The effects of polymerization parameters (reagent
volumes and Ani/APS molar ratio) on the PAn content (%) and surface resistivity were systematically
investigated. The prepared composite films were characterized in terms of functional groups by ATR-
FTIR spectroscopy, morphology by optical microscopy, and surface wettability by contact angle and
wetting time measurements. The results demonstrated that the developed materials exhibited high
electrical conductivity along with chemically active surface functionalities, making them promising
candidates for application in biosensor electrode design.