DARÜLMUALLİMİN

VIII. BİLSEL INTERNATIONAL ÇATALHÖYÜK SCIENTIFIC RESERARC CONGRESS 04-05 July 2068, Konya, Türkiye, 4 - 05 Temmuz 2026, ss.238-239, (Özet Bildiri)

DARÜLMUALLİMİN

Assoc. Prof. Dr. ÇETİN AYKURT

Darülmuallimin opened in Fatih on 16 March 1848. Following the entry into force of the Law on the Unification

of Education on 3 March 1924, it was replaced by the Istanbul Boys’ Teachers’ College after changes were made

to its curriculum. Ahmed Cevdet Efendi stated that the opening of Darülmuallimin arose from the need to train

teachers. A new school was opened under the name Darülmuallimin-i Rüşdü. There was no curriculum,

regulations, textbooks or teaching staff to train the thirty trainee teachers who had enrolled. Ahmed Cevdet Efendi

was appointed as the first head teacher. Ahmed Cevdet Efendi drafted the first Darülmuallimin Regulations. These

regulations set out the conditions for admission, the curriculum, the duration of study, the teaching staff,

examinations, graduation and the conditions for appointment to the teaching profession. Students were provided

with a monthly stipend and were prohibited from taking up private tutoring. The school soon became Istanbul’s

first organised and disciplined vocational school. The three-year course at Darülmuallimin included, alongside

madrasah subjects, courses in rhetoric, Persian, arithmetic and geometry, as well as astronomy and geography.

The first set of regulations, dating from 1852, was amended in 1855. To ensure the proper training of students,

the number of pupils was reduced from thirty to twenty. On 15 November 1868, the Sıbyan Mekteb-i

Darülmuallim was opened as an affiliate of the Darülmuallimin-i Rüşdü to train teachers for primary schools in

Istanbul. When the General Education Regulations were published in 1869, the enrolment at the Darülmuallimin-

i Rüşdi’ye was increased to 100. This branch, into which 10 students were admitted via examination from among

the graduates of the Darülmuallimin-i Rüşdi’ye and the idadi, was given the name Darülmuallimin-i Âli in 1891.

In 1892, the Darülmuallimin adopted a new programme comprising three branches: ‘iptidai’, ‘tâli’ and ‘âli’. In

1894, the ‘âli’ section combined certain science and literature courses. In 1901, the duration of the branches was

reduced to two years. The following year, the primary section was abolished and merged with the secondary

section, bringing the duration of study to six years. In 1908, following the proclamation of the II.Meşrutiyet, the

Darülmuallimin-i Iptidai was restored to an independent status. In 1909, a new reorganisation took place. It was

decided that the branches of the Darülmuallimin would be brought together under a single roof and that the student

intake would be reduced to 150. In 1913, the duration of study was extended to eight years. Following the adoption

of the Law on the Unification of Education in 1924, the Darülmuallimin was closed and replaced by the Istanbul

Boys’ Teachers’ College.

Keywords: Darülmuallimin, Ahmed Cevdet Efendi. II.Meşrutiyet.